GÖKYÜZÜNDEKİ INTERNET'İN SORUNLARI
Internet'in iyimser tahminleri
bile geride bırakan bir ivmeyle yaygınlaşması, sunulan hizmetlerin çeşitlenmesi
ve insan yaşamının hemen her alanında bir gereklilik olarak belirmesi, farklı
iletişim olanaklarının bu yönde kullanılmasını gündeme getirmiştir. Bunlar
arasında en güncel olanlardan biri, uydu iletişiminden Internet'in sağladığı
hizmetler için bir altyapı oluşturacak yönde yararlanılmasıdır. Yeryüzünü
bütünleyen bir ağ da gökyüzünde kurulmaktadır denebilir.
Internet trafiği, gerek
kullanıcıların Internet'e erişim olanaklarında var olan çeşitlilikten, gerek
veri istem ve sunumuna verilen ağırlıktan gerekse de istemde bulunulan verinin
yapısından ortaya çıkan farklılıklardan ötürü heterojen bir yapı göstermektedir.
Bu trafik, TCP/IP kalıbının içinde yeralmaktadır.
Öte yanda, uydu iletişimi,
Internet açısından olumlu ve olumsuz karakteristikler taşımaktadır. Olumlu
karakteristiklerini öne alan iletişim trafiğine uygun Internet servislerinde
Internet'e ve ilişkili ağ servislerine önemli katkılar getireceği güvenle
söylenebilir. Gerekirse halen var olan tekniklerde modifikasyonlar yapılmaya
çalışılmaktadır. Bu konudaki çalışmalara ilişkin yayınlardan bir liste aşağıda
verilmiştir:
Mark Allman.
Improving TCP Performance Over Satellite Channels.
M.Sc. thesis, Ohio University, June 1997.
M. Allman.
Fixing Two BSD TCP Bugs.
Technical Report CR-204151, NASA Lewis Research Center.
October 1997.
M. Allman.
An Evaluation of TCP with Larger Initial Windows.
40th IETF Meeting -- TCP Implementations WG. December, 1997.
Washington, DC.
M. Allman, Jim Griner, Hans Kruse, Diepchi Tran.
HTTP Page Transfer Rates Over Geo-Stationary Satellite
Links.
Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on
Telecommunication Systems. March 1998.
M. Allman, Chris Hayes, H. Kruse, Shawn Ostermann.
TCP Performance Over Satellite Links.
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Telecommunication Systems, March 1997.
M. Allman, H. Kruse, S. Ostermann.
An Application-Level Solution to TCP's Satellite
Inefficiencies.
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on
Satellite-based Information Services (WOSBIS), November
1996.
M. Allman, H. Kruse, S. Ostermann.
Data Transfer Efficiency Over Satellite Circuits Using a
Multi-Socket Extension to the File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
Proceedings of the ACTS Results Conference, NASA Lewis
Research Center, September 1995.
Vivek Arara, John S. Baras, Douglas Dillon, Narin
Suphasindhu.
Asymmetric Internet Access Over Satellite-Terrestrial
Networks.
Proceedings of the AIAA: 16th International Communications
Satellite Systems Conference and Exhibit, Part1,
pp. 476-482, Washington, D.C, February 25-29, 1996.
B.R. Badrinath, Ajay Bakre.
I-TCP: Indirect TCP for Mobile Hosts.
Proceeding of the 15th International Conference on Distributed
Computing Systems (ICDCS), May 1995.
Hari Balakrishnan, Randy H. Katz, Venkata N. Padmanabhan.
The Effects of Asymmetry on TCP Performance.
Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Mobicom, Budapest, Hungary, ACM.
September, 1997.
H. Balakrishnan, R. H. Katz, V. N. Padmanabhan, Srinivasan
Seshan.
A Comparison of Mechanism for Improving TCP Performance over
Wireless Links.
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, December 1997.
David Borman, Robert Braden, Van Jacobson.
TCP Extensions for High Performance, May 1992. RFC
1323.
R. Braden.
Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Communication Layers,
October 1989. RFC 1122.
R. Braden.
Transaction TCP -- Concepts, September 1992. RFC 1379.
R. Braden.
T/TCP -- TCP Extensions for Transactions: Functional
Specification, July 1994. RFC 1644.
Steve Deering, Jeff Mogul.
Path MTU Discovery, November 1990. RFC 1191.
Kevin Fall, Sally Floyd.
Simulation-based Comparisons of Tahoe, Reno and SACK
TCP.
Computer Communication Review, July 1996.
S. Floyd, Jamshid Mahdavi, Matt Mathis, Allyn Romanow.
TCP Selective Acknowledgment Options, October 1996. RFC
2018.
Jonathan Hahn.
MFTP: Recent Enhancements and Performance Measurements.
Technical Report RND-94-006, NASA Ames Research Center, June
1994.
C. Hayes.
Analyzing the Performance of New TCP Extensions Over Satellite
Links.
M.Sc. Thesis, Ohio University, August 1997.
John Heidemann, Vikram Visweswaraiah.
Improving Restart of Idle TCP Connections.
Technical Report 97-661, University of Southern California,
1997.
J. Heidemann, V. Visweswaraiah.
Rate-based pacing Source Code Distribution.
http://www.isi.edu/lsam/publications/rate_based_pacing/README.html.
November, 1997.
Janey Hoe.
Improving the Startup Behavior of a Congestion Control Scheme
for TCP.
ACM SIGCOMM, August 1996.
David Iannucci, John Lakashman.
MFTP: Virtual TCP Window Scaling Using Multiple
Connections.
Technical Report RND-92-002, NASA Ames Research Center,
January 1992.
Van Jacobson.
Modified TCP Congestion Avoidance Algorithm. Technical Report,
LBL, April 1990.
V. Jacobson.
Congestion Avoidance and Control.
Proceedings of the SIGCOMM '88, ACM. August, 1988.
V. Jacobson.
Compressing TCP/IP Headers, February 1990. RFC 1144.
V. Jacobson, Michael Karels.
Congestion Avoidance and Control.
ACM SIGCOMM, 1988.
V. Jacobson, M. Karels.
Congestion Avoidance and Control.
ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/papers/congavoid.ps.Z.'den
sağlanabilir. 1992.
Stacy Johnson.
Increasing TCP Throughput by Using an Extended Acknowledgment
Interval.
M.Sc. Thesis, Ohio University, June 1995.
Srinivasan Keshaw.
A Control Theoretic Approach to Flow Control.
ACM SIGCOMM, September 1991.
S. Keshaw, S. Morgan.
SMART Retransmission: Performance with Overload and Random
Losses.
Proceeding of Infocom. 1997.
Steve Knowles.
IESG Advice from Experience with Path MTU Discovery, March
1993. RFC 1435.
James Martin.
Communications Satellite Systems.
Prentice Hall, 1978.
Jamshid Mahdavi, Matt Mathis.
Forward Acknowledgment: Refining TCP Congestion
Control.
ACM SIGCOMM, 1996.
Kathleen Nichols.
Improving Network Simulation with Feedback.
Com21, Inc. Technical Report. http://www.com21.com/pages/papers/068.pdf'den
sağlanabilir.
Craig Partridge, Tim Shepard.
TCP Performance Over Satellite Links.
IEEE Network, 11(5), September/October 1997.
Vern Paxson.
Automated Packet Trace Analysis of TCP Implementations.
Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, September 1997.
Jon Postel.
Transmission Control Protocol, September 1981. RFC 793.
William Stallings.
Data and Computer Communications.
MacMillian, 4th edition, 1994.
W. Richard Stevens.
TCP Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast Retransmit, and
Fast Recovery Algorithms.
January 1997. RFC 2001.
J. Touch.
TCP Control Block Interdependence.
RFC-2140, USC/Information Sciences Institute , April
1997.
(Ar-Ge 13/07/1998)
